Redox-active nanoparticles for inflammatory bowel disease

Homeostasis of gut microbiota is extremely essential for maintaining nutrient metabolism and regulating immunological function. The increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) strongly associated with dysregulation microbiota. During activated inflammation, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) nitrogen (RNS) produced by cells play a detrimental role in IBD ROS/RNS cause damage to the surrounding tissues, including absorption disorders, intestinal dysmotility barrier dysfunction. Meanwhile, provide terminal electron receptors anaerobic respiration support bloom facultative anaerobes, eventually causing dysbiosis. Redox-active nanoparticles (NPs) catalytic properties or enzyme-like activities can effectively scavenge ROS/RNS, selectively target inflamed sites via ultrasmall size-mediated enhanced permeation retention (EPR) effect, showing great potential regulate maintain homeostasis In addition, widespread application NPs commercial products has increased their accumulation healthy organisms, biological effects on normal resulting from long-term exposure gastrointestinal tract also need attention.